???? 據(jù)管道&天然氣雜志網(wǎng)2月24日路透社報(bào)道，美國(guó)能源情報(bào)署(Energy Information Administration，簡(jiǎn)稱EIA)周三表示，上周美國(guó)原油日產(chǎn)量在得克薩斯州嚴(yán)寒期下降逾100萬(wàn)桶，為有史以來(lái)最大單周降幅，煉油業(yè)務(wù)跌至2008年以來(lái)未見(jiàn)的水平。
????據(jù)EIA稱，在截至2月19日的一周內(nèi)，美國(guó)石油日產(chǎn)量減少110萬(wàn)桶，至970萬(wàn)桶，因嚴(yán)寒迫使該州大部分電網(wǎng)停電，石油運(yùn)營(yíng)商和煉油廠因零部件和管道凍結(jié)而被迫關(guān)閉。
????一些分析師曾估計(jì)產(chǎn)量下降的數(shù)字要高得多，據(jù)說(shuō)頁(yè)巖油氣田由于寒冷已基本停產(chǎn)。然而，每周的生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)包含了大量的估算，而每月的數(shù)據(jù)（發(fā)布滯后）被認(rèn)為更為準(zhǔn)確。
????然而，油田生產(chǎn)正在回升，德克薩斯州和新墨西哥州二疊紀(jì)盆地規(guī)模較大的頁(yè)巖油運(yùn)營(yíng)商之一先鋒自然資源公司(Pioneer Natural Resources)表示，其大部分生產(chǎn)已經(jīng)恢復(fù)。
????美國(guó)二疊紀(jì)盆地石油協(xié)會(huì)主席Ben Shepperd表示，“據(jù)我所知，我與首席執(zhí)行官和運(yùn)營(yíng)商交談后發(fā)現(xiàn)，大多數(shù)人都已經(jīng)復(fù)工了。”
????然而，這次寒冷風(fēng)暴可能會(huì)使今年的總?cè)债a(chǎn)量減少大約20萬(wàn)-50萬(wàn)桶，這取決于老油井和可能無(wú)法恢復(fù)的未完工油井的狀況。
????Price Futures駐芝加哥高級(jí)分析師菲爾?弗林(Phil Flynn)表示，有人擔(dān)心，這將是產(chǎn)量長(zhǎng)期下降。
????報(bào)告公布后，油價(jià)上漲，貿(mào)易員預(yù)計(jì)煉油需求將反彈。截止美國(guó)東部時(shí)間下午12:32（格林尼治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間17:32），美國(guó)原油期貨上漲1.48美元，至每桶63.13美元，漲幅2.4%，布倫特原油上漲1.66美元，至67.05美元，漲幅2.5%。
????當(dāng)周煉油廠原油日產(chǎn)量減少260萬(wàn)桶，至1,220萬(wàn)桶，為2008年9月以來(lái)最低。EIA稱，當(dāng)周煉油廠利用率下降14.5%，至產(chǎn)能的68.6%，墨西哥灣沿岸煉油中心的許多設(shè)施關(guān)閉。其中許多業(yè)務(wù)，包括Motiva企業(yè)的亞瑟港工廠，現(xiàn)在正在重新啟動(dòng)。
????當(dāng)周原油庫(kù)存增加130萬(wàn)桶，至4.63億桶，而路透調(diào)查分析師預(yù)估為減少520萬(wàn)桶。
????俄克拉荷馬州庫(kù)欣的原油庫(kù)存增加了280萬(wàn)桶。
????EIA表示，美國(guó)原油凈進(jìn)口量增加24.9萬(wàn)桶/日，根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，僅進(jìn)口就減少130萬(wàn)桶至約460萬(wàn)桶/日，為1992年以來(lái)最低。
????美國(guó)汽油庫(kù)存增加1.2萬(wàn)桶，至2.571億桶，而預(yù)測(cè)減少310萬(wàn)桶。
????根據(jù)EIA數(shù)據(jù)顯示，包括柴油和取暖油在內(nèi)的餾分油庫(kù)存本周減少500萬(wàn)桶，至1.527億桶，而預(yù)期減少370萬(wàn)桶。
????郝芬 譯自 管道 & 天然氣雜志網(wǎng)
????原文如下：
????EIA: U.S. Crude Output Falls 10%, Refinery Runs Drop to 2008 Low
????U.S. crude oil production dropped by more than 1 million barrels per day last week during Texas's deep freeze, equaling the largest weekly fall ever, and refining runs tumbled to levels not seen since 2008, the Energy Information Administration said on Wednesday.
????Overall output fell by 1.1 million bpd to 9.7 million bpd in the week to Feb. 19, the EIA said, as the brutal cold forced most of the state's power grid offline, and oil operators and refiners were forced to shut as components and pipelines froze.
????Some analysts had estimated far higher figures for production declines, with some saying shale fields had largely shut down due to the cold. Weekly production figures incorporate heavy estimates, however, and monthly data - which is issued on a lag - is considered more accurate.
????Oilfield output is rebounding, however, with Pioneer Natural Resources, one of the larger shale operators in Texas and New Mexico's Permian basin, saying most of its production has returned.
????“It’s my understanding as I’ve talked to CEOs and operators that most folks are back online," said Ben Shepperd, president of the Permian Basin Petroleum Association.
????The storms, however, may reduce overall output for the year by roughly 200,000 to 500,000 bpd, depending on the status of older wells and unfinished wells that may not recover.
????"There is some concern that this will be a long-term permanent production drop," said Phil Flynn, senior analyst at Price Futures in Chicago.
????Oil prices rose after the report, and as traders anticipate refining demand to rebound. U.S. crude futures gained $1.48, or 2.4%, to $63.13 a barrel as of 12:32 p.m. EST (1732 GMT), while Brent rose $1.66, or 2.5%, to $67.05.
????Refinery crude runs fell by 2.6 million bpd in the week to 12.2 million bpd, the lowest since September 2008. Refinery utilization rates slumped by 14.5% to 68.6% of capacity on the week, the EIA said, as numerous facilities in the refining hub along the Gulf Coast shut down. Many of those operations, including Motiva Enterprises' Port Arthur facility, were now restarting.
????Crude inventories rose by 1.3 million barrels in the week to 463 million barrels, compared with analysts' expectations in a Reuters poll for a 5.2 million-barrel drop.
????Crude stocks at the Cushing, Oklahoma, delivery hub rose by 2.8 million barrels.
????Net U.S. crude imports rose by 249,000 bpd, the EIA said, but imports alone dropped by 1.3 million bpd to about 4.6 million bpd, the lowest since 1992, the data showed.
????U.S. gasoline stocks rose by 12,000 barrels to 257.1 million barrels, compared with expectations for a 3.1 million-barrel drop.?
????Distillate stockpiles, which include diesel and heating oil, fell by 5 million barrels in the week to 152.7 million barrels, versus expectations for a 3.7 million-barrel drop, the EIA data showed.
