據能源世界網6月15日倫敦報道，根據綠色能源政策網絡REN21周二發布的一份報告顯示，盡管可再生能源成本不斷下降，各國政府也面臨應對氣候變化的壓力，但化石燃料在全球能源結構中所占的份額與10年前一樣高。
據該報告稱，由于全球能源需求不斷上升，對新化石燃料工廠的持續消費和投資，以及生物質能源(如木材或農業廢棄物)在取暖和烹飪方面的使用減少，化石燃料的使用一直持續。
燃燒煤、天然氣和石油等化石燃料會產生二氧化碳，這是導致全球變暖的主要溫室氣體。
隨著大氣中二氧化碳排放濃度升至創紀錄水平，要求各國政府大幅削減排放、限制使用化石燃料以實現全球氣候目標的呼聲也越來越高。
該報告表示，REN21網顯示，2019年化石燃料在全球能源結構中的比重為80.2%，2009年為80.3%；而風能和太陽能等可再生能源2019年和2009年分別占能源結構的11.2%和8.7%。
其余的能源組合包括傳統的生物質，在發展中國家主要用于做飯或取暖。
然而，在許多地區，包括歐盟、印度和美國的部分地區，現在建設新的風能或太陽能光伏電站比運營現有的燃煤電廠更便宜。
該報告稱，在許多地方，可再生能源在成本上也超過了新的天然氣發電廠，是各大洲國家最便宜的新發電來源。
REN21的執行董事Rana Adib表示，我們正意識到一個痛苦的現實，過去十年的氣候政策承諾大多只是空話。化石燃料在最終能源消費中所占的份額沒有任何變化。
在許多國家，新冠肺炎經濟復蘇方案旨在刺激對可再生能源的進一步投資。但該報告補充稱，可再生能源投資僅占化石燃料投資的六分之一左右。
郝芬 譯自 能源世界網
原文如下：
Global fossil fuel use similar to decade ago in energy mix, report says
The share of fossil fuels in the world's total energy mix is as high as a decade ago, despite the falling cost of renewables and pressure on governments to act on climate change, a report by green energy policy network REN21 showed on Tuesday.
Fossil fuel use has persisted amid rising global energy demand, continued consumption and investment in new fossil fuel plants, and lower use of biomass energy -- such as wood or agricultural waste -- in heating and cooking, the report said.
Burning fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil creates carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas which contributes to global warming.
As the atmospheric concentration of CO2 emissions has grown to record levels, calls have grown for governments to make steeper emissions cuts and curb the use of fossil fuels to meet global climate goals.
REN21 said the share of fossil fuels in the global energy mix was 80.2% in 2019, compared to 80.3% in 2009, while renewables such as wind and solar made up 11.2% of the energy mix in 2019 and 8.7% in 2009, the report said.
The rest of the energy mix comprises traditional biomass, used largely to cook or heat homes in developing countries.
Yet, in many regions, including parts of the European Union, India and the United States, it is now cheaper to build new wind or solar photovoltaic plants than to operate existing coal plants.
Renewables also are outcompeting new natural gas-fired power plants on cost in many locations, and are the cheapest sources of new electricity generation in countries across all major continents, the report said.
"We are waking up to the bitter reality that the climate policy promises over the past ten years have mostly been empty words," said Rana Adib, REN21's executive director.
"The share of fossil fuels in final energy consumption has not moved by an inch," she added.
In many countries, COVID-19 economic recovery packages aim to stimulate further investment in renewable energy. But renewable investments are only around one-sixth of fossil fuel investments, the report added.
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