據(jù)油田技術(shù)4月11日消息稱，Rystad energy的研究顯示，石油、天然氣和電力價(jià)格的飆升，加上歐盟減少對(duì)供應(yīng)的依賴的目標(biāo)，以及疫情后的通脹，將使今年全球能源支出飆升至2.1萬億美元。

隨著全球油氣生產(chǎn)商增加投資預(yù)算以增加產(chǎn)量，上游油氣支出預(yù)計(jì)將比去年增長16%，即1420億美元。就2022年的綠色能源而言，基于目前正在進(jìn)行的項(xiàng)目，全球風(fēng)能和太陽能發(fā)電能力將增長250吉瓦，并帶動(dòng)綠色能源支出增長24%，即1250億美元。

與2020年的水平相比，油氣項(xiàng)目成本增加了10%至20%，主要原因是鋼鐵價(jià)格上漲和供應(yīng)商市場(chǎng)趨緊。在可再生能源領(lǐng)域，鋰、鎳、銅和多晶硅——這些都是電池和太陽能光伏制造的重要材料——使得可再生能源項(xiàng)目成本在同一時(shí)間內(nèi)上漲了10%到35%。

Rystad Energy 能源服務(wù)研究主管 Audun Martinsen 表示：“世界現(xiàn)在在能源上的花費(fèi)比以往任何時(shí)候都多。2014年是我們最后一次看到類似的數(shù)字。人們可以看到在綠色能源上的支出發(fā)生了重大轉(zhuǎn)變，綠色能源的支出一直在增加，而石油和天然氣的支出卻在下降。然而，在煤炭等其他化石燃料上的支出卻保持不變。”

按子行業(yè)細(xì)分 2022 年的支出、資本和運(yùn)營支出表明，在能源領(lǐng)域占主導(dǎo)地位的仍是上游石油，支出為6580億美元，增長16%，產(chǎn)量為9960萬桶/天。然而，天然氣和液化天然氣行業(yè)也出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)勁增長，支出增長15%，產(chǎn)量從3.9億立方英尺/天增加到3.96億立方英尺/天。在綠色能源中，太陽能、碳捕獲和儲(chǔ)存(CCS)、氫和地?zé)岬脑鲩L最快，增幅在40%到60%之間。然而，主要是太陽能公用事業(yè)規(guī)模和風(fēng)能，分別增加了140吉瓦和110吉瓦的額外容量。

曹海斌 摘譯自 油田技術(shù)

原文如下：

Global energy spending set to reach record high of over US$2 trillion in 2022, led by oil and gas

Surging oil, gas and power prices together with the EU’s goals of becoming less dependent on supplies and post-Covid-19 pandemic inflation will catapult global energy spending this year to US$2.1 trillion, Rystad Energy research shows.

Upstream oil and gas spending is now projected to grow 16% – or US$142 billion – compared to last year as oil and gas producers around the world up their investment budgets to increase output. For green energy in 2022, based on the current pipeline of projects, global capacity will grow at 250 GWac within wind and solar, and lead green energy spending to grow by 24%, or US$125 billion.

Compared to 2020 levels, project costs in oil and gas have increased by between 10% and 20%, due largely to steel price rises and a tighter market among suppliers. Within renewables, lithium, nickel, copper and polysilicon – which are all important materials in battery and solar PV manufacture – have sent renewable project costs up by between 10% and 35% within the same timeframe.

Audun Martinsen, Head of Energy Service Research at Rystad Energy said: “The world is now spending more on energy than ever before. The year 2014 was the last time we saw similar numbers. One can see a major shift in the amount of spending on green energy, which has increased, with a drop in expenditure on oil and gas. However, expenditure on other fossil fuels, such as coal, has remained constant.”

Breaking down the spending, capital and operational expenditures in 2022 by sub-sector reveals that it is still upstream oil that dominates the energy landscape, with US$658 billion of spending and a growth of 16% to produce 99.6 million bpd in liquids supply. However, the gas and LNG sector also sees strong growth, with a 15% increase in spending, increasing output to 396 million MMcfd from 390 MMcfd. Within green energies, it is solar, carbon capture and storage (CCS), hydrogen and geothermal that are growing the most, with between 40% and 60% growth. However, it is mainly solar utility scale and wind that add significant additional capacity of around 140 GWac and 110 GWac, respectively.